Purpose: To report visual and anatomical outcome of flap loss after LASIK surgery for correction of high myopia. Materials & Methods: Retrospective evaluation of flap loss in two eyes of two patients, a rare complication of LASIK Surgery. Case No. 1: 27 y/o woman with Ref. OD -9.75; 2.75*177 VA. CC: 20/60 KR OD: 41.86*77 39.86 * 168 & partial amblyopia due to anisometropia. Case No. 2: 38 y/o woman with Ref OD. -9.50 1.0*177 VA CC: 20/30 KR OD: 42.06*77 40.99 * 167. Results: In both patients during LASIK surgery free cap complication occurred and after Laser therapy free cap positioned over the stromal bed, but the next day after operation flaps were lost. For case NO.1only medical management performed and after 4.5 years F/U cornea has 2° central haziness. For case NO.2 another corneal flap from donor globe cut and sutured with Nylon 10/0 and after 18 months F/U cornea is clear. Conclusion: In patients with flat keratometry less than 41.0 Diopter rate of free cap are high and after laser therapy for high myopia the keratometry became more flat. If surgeon doesn't suture flap the rate of flap loss increase so for prevent of corneal haziness and corneal ectazia this evaluation suppose to perform donor corneal flap graft.      

The lack of Quranic approaches in the production of Quran-based humanities is still felt, despite the predominance of the philosophical approach in critical approaches to modern humanities, which has become very common in the Islamic world and in Iran for several decades. It seems that the capacity of the method of thematic exegesis (al-Tafsīr al-mawdū'ī, Arabic: التفسیر الموضوعیّ) in this regard, can be used to bring the Holy Quran into the field of humanities. Thematic exegesis, according to whether its subject is inside or outside the Qur'an, has several functions in criticizing the structure of modern knowledge and scientific research, as well as the production of Islamic humanities. It is possible to make use of thematic exegesis of the inside of the Holy Book of Quran in order to “fundamental criticism” of the general fundamentals of humanities -the fundamentals of epistemology, axiology, ontology and anthropology- and it is also possible to use thematic exegesis for constructing and producing foundation of humanities obtained from the Holy Quran. It is used by thematic interpretation exegesis of the outside of the Holy Book of Quran -such as Shahīd (martyr) Sadr’s interrogational approach- to answer the problems of humanities and this process faces challenges such as the complexity and multiplicity of the “subject” of the humanities that exist in modern terminology of this field. It can be used in order to solve this issue in some cases to know the process of the change of the components of the modern of the conceptual history’s approach and also by analyzing the issue into several components can be shown that the components are not necessarily a product of the modern era and can be followed up in the Holy Quran and can be found up in the Holy Quran. The perspective of the Holy Quran, after that, regarding the modern subject in the desired field by the “combining” of the results obtained based on the thematic interpretation.

Purpose: In this paper, the combined model for determining capacity utilization by considering inputs and outputs based on efficiency is discussed and the loss due to the lack of suitable use of capacity utilization is also calculated. Methodology: The current research is practical in terms of the type of purpose and fundamental in terms of the type of study. The capacity utilization evaluation method is based on data envelopment analysis model which is suitable for evaluating efficiency and function and it also has the ability to designate the capacity utilization. In the present models, the capacity utilization evaluation method is stated by assuming the possibility of changing all inputs/outputs with a multiplicative constant (Radial model) or assuming a distinct change in all factors affecting production. But in reality, some inputs/outputs might change radially and some of them non-radially in organizations and companies. In this article, a new model is submitted to designate the capacity utilization. It measures the capacity utilization simultaneously in the presence of radial and non-radial factors, furthermore, it has the ability to detect losses caused by any of the items such as the price of outputs/inputs or amount of output deficit and input surplus and it is a suitable model for evaluating the capacity utilization in practical and real issues. Findings: The proposed approach in this article combines the points of the CCR radial model and the SBM non-radial model with the aim of determining capacity utilization and not just measuring efficiency, and with its help, we can evaluate the capacity utilization with the presence of non-radial data in addition to the radial data. In a case study of twelve hospitals with a fixed input of a doctor, and a variable input of a nurse and two outputs of outpatients and inpatients, it was observed that by eliminating the variable inputs in the presence of radial and non-radial outputs, there is no improvement in efficiency. On the other hand, the results show that some hospitals should improve the use of their capacity, and in some hospitals, by increasing the number of nurses, the number of outpatients or inpatients can be increased and the performance of hospitals can be improved. Then, using efficiency analysis, the inefficiency factor and its amount were determined. The combined model shows a lower number of inefficient units than the output-oriented BCC model. Originality/Value: In this article, the combined model of capacity utilization in the presence of radial and non-radial indicators is presented, which can be an introduction to the presentation of DEA models of capacity utilization under different input and output conditions.

Purpose: Report a case of iatrogenic medial rectus loss in exotropia surgery and its management with review literature.Case Report: A 14-year-old female with a history of cerebral palsy and left exotropia underwent strabismus surgery in another center when she was 7 years old. As her surgeon reported, after 8 mm medial rectus resection, it was lost and he could not retrieve it; so, to balance the forces of adduction and abduction, the surgeon disinserted left lateral rectus, but 2 months later, because of large angle exotropia and severe limitation in adduction, she was referred to this center. We explored the area and could not find the lost medial rectus; so, half tendon transposition of superior rectus and inferior rectus to the previous insertion site of medial rectus was performed and left lateral rectus was fixated to the lateral orbital periosteum. Two months after the operation, she was orthotropic and ocular movements were significantly balanced.Conclusion: Half tendon transposition of vertical recti to the site of lost medial rectus associated with periosteal fixation of lateral rectus can improve the strabismus of lost medial rectus muscle.

In this article, an attempt has been made to estimate the amount of sound transmission loss in a flat oval channel by applying the approach of statistical energy analysis. Correct estimation of sound transmission loss in an air conditioning channel is of great importance due to the harmful effects of noise pollution in the environment on human health. Simulation with the statistical energy analysis method is a powerful approach to estimate sound and vibration in problems in which we deal with complex and multi-part systems; is considered. In this method, first, a system is divided into several subsystems, and then by writing a matrix equation that includes the energy exchanges between subsystems and energy loss coefficients; It is investigated from the perspective of vibration and sound estimation.On average, the model presented in this research is able to estimate the sound transmission loss in different dimensions of the air conditioning channels according to the experimental results in the accuracy range of ± 2.5 dB. Considering that it seems that the results obtained from modeling with this method are in good agreement with the experimental data; The results of this research can be used as an efficient approach to estimate noise in oval shaped channels stretched in different lengths.

AbstractPurpose: The velocity of change in the surrounding world has forced them to identify those factors which impact their change capacity. The present study was conducted to identify and prioritize influential factors on organizational change capacity.Methodology: In terms of purpose, this was explorative and applied research. Its population included ten familiar experts with research subjects in a research and training center. By reviewing the literature on change capacity, relevant, influential factors were identified, and they were concurred by the fuzzy Delphi technique, and then they were ranked. After recognizing influential factors, a pair comparisons questionnaire was distributed among ten experts, and after gathering the questionnaires, effecting factors were ranked using the Expert Choice11 Software package and AHP technique.Findings: Results show that organizational culture, structure, and style of leadership were the main factors that impacted change capacity.Conclusion: The influential factors can be divided into three categories: environmental, content, and structural elements. Environmental factors include environment and innovation; content factors include team working, intellectual capital, leadership, political behavior, and human resource management; Structural elements include strategy, structure, organizational policies, information technology, knowledge management, and technology. Value: This is the first time in the literature that the influential variables affecting the change capacity were recognized and categorized in a conceptual classification that has not been seen in the previous research.

The present paper focuses on the development of fragility curves and on the seismic vulnerability assessment of existing steel structural systems with a certain type of semi-rigid connection known as Khorjini (Saddle) connections. A significant number of such building type suffered from extensive damage to total collapse in 1990 Manjil (Northern Iran) M 7.4 earthquake. In this study, several variants of two-dimensional structural models with such connections including concentrical braced frames only, infilled frames only, and a combination of both, have been investigated. Three- and five-story models have been considered as they are the most common structures with Saddle connections in Iran. Development of fragility curves have been completed based on HAZUS methodology. The methodology benefits from a damage estimation approach based on the capacity spectrum method. Previous studies have proved that the methodology adopted in HAZUS documents is applicable in risk assessment studies. The methodology requires an inelastic demand spectrum as well as the capacity curve of the structure presented in Acceleration-Displacement Response Spectrum (ADRS) format. The former is derived by reducing elastic design spectral ordinates to account for hysteretic damping, while the latter is obtained from nonlinear static (pushover) analysis of the nonlinear model of the structural system. For the design spectrum, the NEHRP acceleration spectra at two levels, 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years (level 1) and 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years (level 2) were utilized. Nonlinear models of the buildings are constructed in OpenSees platform utilizing nonlinear beam-column elements with their plasticity behavior concentrated at both ends of the elements (zero length nonlinear rotational springs). Saddle connections are modeled using two torsional springs to model their rotational constraining effects at beam-columns joints. Moment-rotation responses of such springs were calibrated to match available experimental results with similar connection details considered in this study and in relevant literatures. Moreover, all infill panels are modeled using equivalent compression struts based on the current acceptable approaches found in reference literature. Performance points of the structures are found by intersecting the demand spectrum with the capacity curve of the structure. The final output of the HAZUS methodology is the fragility curve of the structure, which depicts the probability of exceedance of certain levels of drift-based performance levels according to peak ground acceleration (PGA) values. Nevertheless, uncertainties are incorporated in the fragility curves development process. Results show that the probability of exceedance of Immediate Occupancy (IO), Life Safety (LS) and Collapse Prevention (CP) performance levels in 3-story models subjected to the level 1 earthquake (475 return period) are, respectively, 50%, 23% and 12%; while the corresponding values for the level 2 earthquake (2475 values) are 87%, 70% and 56%, respectively. For the 5-story models, the probabilities are 64%, 29% and 16% for the level 1 earthquake and 96%, 81% and 67% for level 2 earthquake. Due to such high levels of vulnerabilities, seismic retrofitting of such existing buildings in the city of Tehran is absolutely essential.

Background and Aims: Caries and bone loss are the most common diseases in oral cavity. The prevalence of these diseases will be reduced by controlling their risk factors. In this study, bitewing radiographs of patients were examined to illustrate the relationship between caries and bone loss.Materials and Methods: One-hundred and fifty bitewing radiographs of 86 patients were evaluated. In these radiographs, caries and distance between alveolar crest and CEJ were measured. In addition, confounding variables (contact type, tooth type, tooth surface) were assessed. Furthermore, patients were asked about the use of other possible risk factors of bone loss like smoking, brushing, and flossing. The data were analyzed using Regression analysis.Results: Findings of this study showed that the relationship between caries and bone loss was significant (P=0.02). Also, there were significant relationships between flossing (P=0.03), tooth type (P=0.0001) tooth surface (P=0.02) and bone loss. Finally the multivariate analyses considering confounding variables illustrate significant relationship between caries and bone loss (P=0.0001(Conclusion: Caries and bone loss have important roles as the risk factors for each other. Thus, it is necessary to prevent these risk factors and treat them as soon as possible to reduce these diseases.